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BAHARIYA OASIS, EGYPT

                                It Located in Sixth of October City Governorate 
                The nature of social settings in the oasis is highly influenced by Islam

El-Waha el-Bahariya or Bahariya  is an oasis in Egypt. It is approximately 300 km away from Cairo and the least technologically advanced Oasis in the country.

The Valley of the Golden Mummies is a huge burial site at Bahariya Oasis in the Western Desert of Egypt, discovered in 1996. Dr. Zahi Hawass, with his Egyptian team, have found around 250 mummies dating to several different periods in history. The site dates to Greco-Roman Egypt, where the ruin of a temple to Alexander the Great can be found. It is believed by some Egyptologists that the Greek conqueror passed through Bahariya while returning from the oracle of Ammon at Siwa Oasis. Excavations of the Greco-Roman necropolis, known as the Valley of the Golden Mummies began in 1996. Approximately thirty-four tombs have been excavated from this area so far. Hawass estimates more than 10,000 will be uncovered.

It Located in Sixth of October City Governorate, it has an art museum and the main agricultural products are guavas, mangos, dates, and olives.

Bahariya is the closest oasis to Cairo in kilometers, but the most distant oasis in time. Bahariya Oasis, part of the highly populated Giza Governorate, has been slow to move into the modern world. Of course, for the traveler in search of the past this is wonderful. The depression is 94 kilometers long and 42 kilometers wide and contains 2000 square kilometers.

El_Haiz
Bahariya consists of many villages of which Bawiti is the largest and the administrative center. Qasr is Bawiti's neighboring/twin village. To the east, about ten kilometers away are the villages of Mandishah and el Zabu. A smaller village called Aguz lies between Bawiti and Mandishah. Harrah, the eastern most village, is a few kilometers east of Mandishah and el Zabu. Hiez is the last village, but it may not always be considered as part of Bahariya because it is so far from the rest of the villages, about fifty kilometers south of Bawiti.

There are plenty of hills and mountains in Bahariya Depression and they form the dominant feature of the oasis. Among the dominant mountains are Gebel Hafuf, Gebel al-Ghaba, Mountain of the Forest, Gebel Ghurabi, Mountain of the Crow; Gebel Dist, Mountain of the Pot. Despite the fact that Bahariya is the highest oasis in elevation, the water makes its way to the surface through natural fissures. Bahariya also has a number of ancient aqueduct systems.

In the 1920's and the 1930's dozens of major fossils were discovered including Simoliophis rochebrunei, the largest and oldest snake known. Crops are plentiful in Bahariya. Orchards contain a variety of tries, including dates, lemon, olive, mango and guava.

Over time, the Bahariya Oasis has had a number of different names. It has been called the Northern Oasis, the Little Oasis, Zeszes, Oassis Parva and the especially during the Christian era, the Oasis of al-Bahnasa, along with various other names. At one time, the Bahariya Oasis, as well as most of the rest of what is today referred to as the Western (or Libyan) Desert, was the floor of an immense ocean. Yet from about 3000 BC until the present, almost no rainfall graces this part of the world, so groundwater is its life blood.

There are many mosques in Bahariya, The majority of Wahati people in Bahariya are of the Islamic faith, The people of the oasis, or the Wahati people are the descendants of the ancient people who inhabited the oasis, Bedouin tribes from Libiya and the north coast, and other people from the Nile Valley who came to settle in the oasis.

The Famous Landmark ancient
Valley of the Golden Mummies
Four types of mummies were eventually uncovered :

  • Mummies which are guilded, covered with a very thin layer of gold;

  • Mummies covered with carton age and scenes depicted, such as gods and goddesses. For example, Anubis of the embalmment, Osiris, Isis, and the four children of Horus as well as the god Toth. All these gods are connected with the judgment;

  • Mummies inside anthropoid coffins (these are coffins made of pottery with human faces);

  • Mummies wrapped with linen.

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